A spelled interval: a diatonic number, a quality label, and its semitone span.
Diatonic size: 1 = unison, 2 = second, ... 8 = octave, and beyond.
Quality label: 'P', 'M', 'm', or repeated 'A'/'d' for (multiply) aug/dim.
Signed semitone distance from the first note to the second.
A spelled interval: a diatonic number, a quality label, and its semitone span.